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Goyarts T, Danicke S, Tiemann U, Rothkotter HJ.
Effect of the Fusarium toxin Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) on IgA, IgM and IgG
concentrations and proliferation of porcine blood lymphocytes.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Feb 8
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Agricultural Research
Centre (FAL), Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
tanja.goyarts@fal.de An important effect of the trichothecene mycotoxins is the
impairment of the immune function, but immunotoxicity studies
have mainly been conducted on the mouse model. In the present
study, the effect of deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol)
(DON) ) on the proliferation of ConA stimulated porcine
peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was assessed in vitro after
adding of 70-560 ng Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) per
ml medium, and in vivo after chronic and acute (one single dose)
dietary Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) exposure (5.7
mg/kg). Immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) concentrations were
measured by ELISA in supernatants and serum of pigs. The
proliferation rate was estimated with two different assays (BrdU
incorporation and MTT cleavage). In vitro the ConA stimulated
proliferation was inhibited to 50% (IC50) at 200 and 309 ng
Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) /ml for the BrdU and MTT assay,
respectively, indicating a higher sensitivity of DNA synthesis
to Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) . Immunoglobulin
concentrations in the supernatant after in vitro proliferation
of PBL with increasing Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON)
concentrations for 72 h were significantly decreased, with IC50
values of 120.6, 84.1 and 71.7 ng Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol)
(DON) /ml for IgA, IgM and IgG, respectively. In vivo
significant inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation was observed
only in the Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) acute group
using the MTT assay, but values tended to be decreased in the
BrdU assay and after chronic Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON)
exposure. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM and IgG) in the supernatant
of cultured lymphocytes were not significantly affected after
dietary Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) exposure. Serum
IgA of pigs showed no significant differences between the
groups, whereas IgM and IgG were significant increased in the
Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) (DON) acute group.
PMID: 16480848
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