Salu KJ, Huang Y, Bosmans JM, Liu X, Li S, Wang L, Verbeken E,
Bult H, Vrints CJ, De Scheerder IK.Addition of cytochalasin
D to a biocompatible oil stent coating inhibits intimal
hyperplasia in a porcine coronary model.
Coron Artery Dis. 2003 Dec;14(8):545-55
Division of Cardiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk,
Belgium. koen.salu@ua.ac.be
BACKGROUND: Polymer-based, drug-eluting stents, are currently
under extensive investigation in the conquest against in-stent
restenosis. Concern remains, however, about potential long-term
lack of biocompatibility of the polymers used in these studies.
Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate in porcine coronary
arteries (1) the in vivo biocompatibility of a new natural,
eicosapentaenoic acid oil stent-coating and (2) the efficacy of
this coating in preventing in-stent restenosis when cytochalasin
D--an inhibitor of actin filament formation, that interferes
with cell proliferation and migration--was added. METHODS AND
RESULTS: To assess in vivo biocompatibility of the oil coating,
15 bare and 15 oil-coated stents were randomly deployed in
coronary arteries of 15 pigs. No difference in tissue response,
regarding inflammation or proliferation, was seen between both
groups at five days or at four weeks follow-up. To evaluate the
efficacy of the coating in preventing in-stent restenosis by
adding a potential anti-restenotic drug, stents were dip-coated
in 20 mg cytochalasin D/ml oil solution, resulting in 93 +/- 18
microg cytochalasin D/stent load (n = 3). In vitro drug release
studies showed sustained release up to four weeks. Next, 11
oil-coated and 11 cytochalasin D-loaded stents were randomly
implanted in coronary arteries of 11 pigs. At four weeks, a 39%
decrease in neointimal hyperplasia (p < 0.05, ANCOVA, with
injury as covariate) was found in cytochalasin D-loaded stents
compared to oil-coated stents. CONCLUSIONS: This new natural oil
stent-coating shows excellent biocompatibility to vascular
tissue. Local cytochalasin D delivery from this stent-platform
significantly inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in a porcine
coronary model. Copyright 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
PMID: 14646676
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