Wicklow DT, Stubblefield RD, Horn BW, Shotwell OL.
Citreoviridin levels in Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum-infested
maize kernels at harvest.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 May;54(5):1096-8.
Northern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604.
Citreoviridin contents were measured in eight bulk samples of
maize kernels collected from eight fields immediately following
harvest in southern Georgia. Citreoviridin contamination in six
of the bulk samples ranged from 19 to 2,790 micrograms/kg. In
hand-picked samples the toxin was concentrated in a few kernels
(pick-outs), the contents of which were stained a bright lemon
yellow (range, 53,800 to 759,900 micrograms/kg). The
citreoviridin-producing fungus Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum
Scott & Stolk was isolated from each of these pick-out kernels.
Citreoviridin was not detected in bulk samples from two of the
fields. Aflatoxins were also present in all of the bulk samples
(total aflatoxin B1 and B2; range, 7 to 360 micrograms/kg),
including those not containing citreoviridin. In Biotron-grown
maize ears that were inoculated with E. ochrosalmoneum through a
wound made with a toothpick, citreoviridin was concentrated
primarily in the wounded and fungus-rotted kernels (range,
142,000 to 2,780,000 micrograms/kg). Samples of uninjured
kernels immediately adjacent to the wounded kernel (first
circle) had less than 4,000 micrograms of citreoviridin per kg,
while the mean concentration of toxin in kernel samples
representing the next row removed (second circle) and all
remaining kernels from the ear was less than 45 micrograms/kg.
Animal toxicosis has not been linked to citreoviridin-contaminated
maize.
PMID: 3389806 |
