Kosina P, Walterova D, Ulrichova J, Lichnovsky
V, Stiborova M, Rydlova H, Vicar J, Krecman V, Brabec MJ,
Simanek V.Sanguinarine and chelerythrine: assessment
of safety on pigs in ninety days feeding experiment.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2004
Jan;42(1):85-91
Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of
Medicine, Palacký University, Hnevotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc,
Czech Republic.
kosina@tunw.upol.cz
Sanguinaria canadesis, Chelidonium majus and Macleya cordata
have been used for centuries as alternative medicines. Currently
the extracts from these medicinal plants are components of
veterinary and human phytopreparations, and of oral-hygiene
agents. Sanguinarine and chelerythrine (SA/CHE) are biologically
active components of these extracts. They display distinct
antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, but, on the
other hand, they have been reported as having adverse effects -
genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. This paper is aimed at
evaluation of the effects of daily administration of the extract
from Macleya cordata (2 mg and 100 mg in 1 kg feed,
sanguinarine:chelerythrine 3:1) in the diet on the health status
of swine. After 90-day administration, alkaloids were retained
to a different extent in tissues. The highest SA/CHE retention
was detected in the gingiva (0.55 microg/g) and liver (0.15
microg/g), no SA/CHE were detected in muscles. Plasma SA levels
attained 0.11 microg/ml. Treated animals did not display any
results of hematological, biochemical or histological assay
different from controls. A (32)P-postlabeling assay proved that
no DNA-adducts with SA/CHE were detected in pig livers. We did
not observe any symptom linked to epidemic dropsy syndrome often
attributed to sanguinarine. In conclusion, an average daily oral
dose of alkaloids up to 5 mg per 1 kg animal body weight proved
to be safe.
PMID: 14630132 |
