| Source: | Penicillium paxilli |
| Synonyms | *** Disambiguation: ***
Paxilline, a mycotoxin of penicillium origin, should not be confused with
Paxillin, a signal transducing adaptor protein involved in cell migration (MESH). |
| Description: | paxilline: a selective blocker of high-conductance Ca2+-activated (Maxi-K) potassium channels |
| CAS number: | 57186-25-1 |
| Merck index: | |
| Molecular weight: | 435.6 |
| Structure: | 
 |
| Molecular Formula: | C27H33NO4 |
| Canonical SMILES: |
CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C(O3)C(C)(C)O)C1(CCC4C2(C5=C(C4)C6=CC=CC=C6N5)C)O |
Solubility
information: | Acetone, Methanol, and DMSO. |
| Specifications | |
| Appearance: | White crystalline powder |
| Purity: | At least 97% by TLC, HPLC
comment: crystals contain one mole acetone of crystallization per mole of paxilline |
| λmax: | |
| Melting point | 252°C-269°C |
| Solubility | Clear colorless solution at 5mg/ml Acetone |
| Storage | -20°C. Protect from light. |
| Applications | |
| Warnings | Highly toxic if swallowed, inhaled or adsorbed through skin. Can damage eyes. Potent neurotoxin. |
| Classification | tremorgen mycotoxin
Potassium chanells blocker |
| Related products | |
| | For Research use only. Not for Human or Drug use
GMP/API grade available on request
paxilline by Fermentek is not produced from or contains any ingredients from animal origin.
No genetically modified organisms are used. |
| Publications | |
| | Saikia S, Parker EJ, Koulman A, Scott B.
Defining paxilline biosynthesis in Penicillium paxilli: functional characterization of two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases.
J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 8;282(23):16829-37. |
| | Fueki S, Tokiwano T, Toshima H, Oikawa H.
Biosynthesis of indole diterpenes, emindole, and paxilline: involvement of a common intermediate.
Org Lett. 2004 Aug 5;6(16):2697-700. |
| | Sabater-Vilar M, Nijmeijer S, Fink-Gremmels J.
Genotoxicity assessment of five tremorgenic mycotoxins (fumitremorgen B, paxilline, penitrem A, verruculogen, and verrucosidin) produced by molds isolated from fermented meats.
J Food Prot. 2003 Nov;66(11):2123-9. |
| | McMillan LK, Carr RL, Young CA, Astin JW, Lowe RG, Parker EJ, Jameson GB, Finch SC, Miles CO, McManus OB, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia ML, Kaczorowski GJ, Goetz M, Tkacz JS, Scott B.
Molecular analysis of two cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes required for paxilline biosynthesis in Penicillium paxilli, and effects of paxilline intermediates on mammalian maxi-K ion channels.
Mol Genet Genomics. 2003 Oct;270(1):9-23. Epub 2003 Jul 18. |
| | McLeay LM, Smith BL, Munday-Finch SC.
Tremorgenic mycotoxins paxilline, penitrem and lolitrem B, the non-tremorgenic 31-epilolitrem B and electromyographic activity of the reticulum and rumen of sheep.
Res Vet Sci. 1999 Apr;66(2):119-27. Erratum in: Res Vet Sci 1999 Dec;67(3):313. |
| | Strobaek D, Christophersen P, Holm NR, Moldt P, Ahring PK, Johansen TE, Olesen SP.
Modulation of the Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channel, hslo, by the substituted diphenylurea NS 1608, paxilline and internal Ca2+.
Neuropharmacology. 1996;35(7):903-14. |
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Penicillium paxilli
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